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Effective A Family Center And Recreation - 2443 Words

Hello, City council members. I have selected to lead the manifestation demonstration from our team of development that will form fun, interactive, and educational activities. Moreover, several other information and objectives will be available and acknowledged for adolescents children. The final proposal presented here demonstrates how effective a family center and recreation can be for the development of children and our community. There are various rooms, which are age appropriate along with the activities created for every age group. With suitable learning materials, toys, and activities available, adolescent and children will acquire and understand additional knowledge along with growing independently within an atmosphere that is†¦show more content†¦Thus, few of the activities available for enhancing physical development include â€Å"Tummy time†. â€Å"Tummy time† is when an infant who is incapable of crawling spends 6-10 minutes on their stomach for b uilding their back, arm and neck muscles. As soon as they are capable of holding their â€Å"head up† and â€Å"push up† with their arms they can easily grab the toys. According to Family Education Network (2014), as their development continues, a person often learns to sit, play, release objects , grasp small item on their own and starts to move around by creeping along on their belly. For age 6-12 months, additional activities are available that includes large Lego blocks for stacking or a peek-a-boo. These two activities provide cognitive and socio-emotional development. Lego stacking for an infant who is under one year old needs understanding and patience for the idea of putting blocks on top of another. â€Å"Peek-a-boo† permits a kid to observe varied individual faces along with revealing and hiding their face. For instance, if an infant feels hurt or upset, then a peek-a-boo provides them reassurance that everything will be OK. Moreover, these activities assist a child to discover and play by themselves or with others utilizing various techniques for playing that permits an infant to play with whatsoever toys that max out their curiosity (Parrott, Gleitman, 1989). One of the items that is helpful in the room of infants will be colorful hard and soft activity play

Sponsors And Sports Essay Research Paper Sponsors free essay sample

Patrons And Sports Essay, Research Paper Patrons and Sports In the universe of athleticss, everything from the cups the jocks drink from to the bowls they play in is up for grabs. The four major athleticss are a playing field for the squads every bit good as major companies trusting to act upon the populace. While there are some positives and negatives to patrons, a line has to be drawn someplace. The four major athleticss, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, the National Football League, and the National Hockey League all generate 1000000s of dollars from patrons each twelvemonth. Individual jocks themselves command big indorsement contracts that in many instances exceed their ain wages. And although the caputs of these athleticss try to restrict the influence of companies, they are still a major portion of every game played. One of the more widely known patrons of athleticss is Nike. Their competition with Reebok and other shoe and dress companies is seen on telecasting and on the playing field. We will write a custom essay sample on Sponsors And Sports Essay Research Paper Sponsors or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Advertising their company is the major concern when exposing their Sons in athleticss. Beverages, fast nutrients, recognition cards, cars and a broad assortment of companies spend their money on athleticss related ventures. They spend large dollars to call bowls and spheres after their companies. Television gives these companies even more opportunities to act upon the populace with commercials that companies might sometimes pay up to $ 1 million for. The uniforms that the participants wear are now being made my different makers whereas five old ages ago each conference had all their squads have oning the same trade name. The equipment being used is besides made by different companies. No affair what is being fought for, patrons create good and bad influences in each athletics. Major League Baseball is recognized as the most popular athletics. They besides play the most games which is a plus to patrons. Each game is seen as a opportunity to distribute word of their company. But MLB seems to be the least affected squad wise by patrons. This is likely because of the rigorous regulations set Forth and besides because of recent work arrests and labour differences. MLB was one time the leader in advanced thoughts affecting patrons. Billboards are placed around the bowl in strategic musca volitanss that will be noticed by fans and telecasting. Stadiums are now being renamed by companies willing to pass 1000000s to hold the bowl named after the company such as 3Com Park in San Francisco. These short term trades can make a job in the future though. Athletes are non as widely chosen for indorsement contracts as in other athleticss. This is likely because many participants can non do a immense impact on the result of the games. Besides many immature jocks are non known because collegial baseball is non watched every bit much as other collegial athleticss. A positive consequence that patrons have on Major League Baseball is that they are seeking to assist reconstruct baseball as the national interest. Baseball needs to regain involvement with the populace and patrons are coming up with new and exciting thoughts. More participants are being endorsed and commercials are making out to the young person who play the athletics. Money being spent by assorted companies is being redistributed so that the lesser markets can have some money. Basically anything that can pull people to the athletics is good for baseball at this minute. A negative consequence that patrons have on baseball is non truly much of a negative. Companies are non patronizing baseball plenty. The work stoppages and differences are the ground why. But patrons should be more of a portion of baseball. More jocks should be endorsed and more impact on squads in smaller markets demand to go on for baseball to recover popularity. The National Basketball Association could be easy summed up refering patrons as shoe wars. Nike, Reebok, Adidas, Fila and anybody else are contending for merely about every jock in an attempt to do money. The response has the populace interested in hoops and has made basketball a stable and profitable athletics. Women # 8217 ; s hoops is now picking up ste am because companies are recognizing that they could do money on adult females excessively. These shoe wars have trickled down to the collegiate degree, where companies pay schools to have on their gym shoes, and even the high school degree where hoops cantonments held annually bring in the newest and best endowment available. A positive consequence that patrons have on the NBA is that hoops is increasing worldwide. Peoples like and watch the game and the participants. The bulk of the populace know Michael Jordan and Nike is a chief ground why. Young jocks can see their heroes and dream of playing hoops because companies give hoops a good image. A negative consequence though is that these shoe wars sometimes lead to excessively much control. Players at the college and high school degrees know that if they are good plenty, leaping to the NBA is foremost on their list because of the money being offered. Nike and Reebok and the other companies give more money to the participants for indorsements than the participants do for their wage. This ground of playing in the NBA for the money is non good. Besides giving money to schools for have oning their places is non just to the participants who must have on them. They see none of the money which gives them an even greater ground to travel to the NBA. The National Football League has made many alterations over the last five old ages. More companies are patronizing squads than of all time before with the Super Bowl being the high point of corporate disbursement. Again, Nike is a strong influence on participants and squads. Recently they gave the Dallas Cowboys $ 300 million to fundamentally set their logo on everything. While this does generate promotion for the NFL, some squads are seeing more money than other squads. As in hoops, collegiate football is seeing a rush in popularity because of sponsorship of assorted activities. A positive consequence that patrons hold on the NFL is that like in hoops, involvement is turning. Companies use different ways to demo their football ties trusting to make involvement in their merchandise. A negative consequence is that some companies are seeking to acquire excessively much control. The state of affairs with Nike and the Cowboys is under reappraisal. It can take to a awful ruin for the NFL if excessively much power is held by one company. The lesser squads will non hold the money or the prestigiousness to enticement participants to play for their squad. The National Hockey League is seen as figure four in athleticss. The ground in portion is because of barely any patrons at all. It has ever been the same until recent. More air clip is being given to hockey hence a demand for sponsorship. Inline hockey is the fastest turning athletics and ice hockey is being watched more than of all time. Companies have realized that hockey can be a really healthy investing. They can hold their names placed on the boards around the rink which is about ever seen. Spheres are now being renamed such as USAir Arena and Continental Airlines Arena in the quest to impact hockey and do some money. Nike has made a immense measure by geting a major maker of equipment named bring forthing the Bauer trade name in an attempt to derive involvement in hockey. Uniforms are now being made by three different companies alternatively of one. Players are now foremost seeing indorsements from companies. Hockey is turning at a rapid gait. There are no negative effects on hockey. Everything is positive because any sort of sponsorship is a plus. Hockey is seeking to work upward and be recognized as a major athletics. Companies are merely now recognizing hockey # 8217 ; s potency. Five old ages from now with more patrons, hockey could be merely as large as hoops. The influences of companies on athleticss are for the most portion positives. Patrons help do a athletics grow with money for the squads every bit good as themselves. More involvement in athleticss lead to promotions in the games themselves. The negative effects have to be monitored because on negative can outweigh many positives. A measure back in athletics because of a patron will non be good for the hereafter of that athletics. Equally long as the companies and the conferences work together, athleticss will be able to turn.

Value Creation

The process of globalization strongly affects hospitality institutions and spa resorts. In particular, it enables them to create extra value for their customers. This effect is achieved in several ways. First of all, modern hotels as well as spa can provide more efficient training to their employees (Dwyerr Forsyth 2006, p. 470).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Value Creation specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Judging from my own service encounters, I can tell that many hotels emphasize the fact that the members of their personnel were trained abroad. These people could learn the best practices adopted in the leading hotel chains throughout the world. Such international cooperation can increase customer’s satisfaction. Therefore, this approach enables to add more value to their services. Secondly, globalization allows companies to better establish their brands in foreign countries. This is also a part of va lue creation. For example, there are many brands are recognized internationally, and the customers are ready to pay more to such organizations. In my, opinion in this way, hotels are able to increase the perceived value of their services. Thirdly, one has to mention the forces of globalization, and especially the development of online technologies enabled companies to better advertise their services to foreign customers. Previously, they were hardly able to do it. Thus, it is quite possible for me to say that hospitality organizations attempt to add extra value to their services, and they benefit from various aspects of globalization. At this point, it is necessary for me to show how spas attempt to distinguish themselves in this market. It should be noted that spas already have extra value, because these resorts offer different forms of treatment to the visitors. Nonetheless, nowadays spa resorts have become very widespread. Many hotels offer spa therapy to their clients, and it is extremely difficult for any organization to gain competitive advantage. This is why spa resorts have to develop new ways of attracting customers. One of them is the promotion of LGBT tourism. Many resorts organize events for such tourists and provide gay infrastructure, for example, restaurants, bars, and so forth (Robinson, Heitmann Dieke 2011, p. 220).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This approach enables spa resorts and hotels to differentiate themselves among others and attract customers who were previously uninterested in their services. One should bear in mind that LGBT tourism is another manifestation of the globalization process. The thing is that the hotels, which have LGBT infrastructure, are visited by tourists from different countries. Additionally, one should take into account that such practice is possible in a country in which there is little or no prejudice against LGBT community. Overall, I can say that in the future, the attention toward LGBT tourism will only increase, and more spas or hotels will attend to the needs of this population. Finally, many spa resorts as well as some hotels attempt to diversify their services. For example, they provide aromatherapy, facials, massage, weight guidance, yoga training, and so forth. Thus, one can argue that such word as spa can hardly be reduced only to water baths. On the whole, I can argue that this variety of services is an essential part of value creation. On the basis of this discussion, I can single out several strategies which help hotels and spas add extra value, namely, cross-border trading, brand development, and increased online advertisement. Secondly, these organizations try to target new customers, for example, LGBT communities. Finally, they try to widen the range of the services that they offer to the clients. References Dwyerr, L. Forsyth, P. 2006. International handbook on the economics of tourism. London: Edward Elgar Publishing. Robinson, P. Heitmann S., Dieke, P. Research themes for tourism. London: CABI, 2011. This essay on Value Creation was written and submitted by user Lexi W. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

John Brown and His Raid on Harpers Ferry

John Brown and His Raid on Harpers Ferry The abolitionist John Brown remains one of the most controversial figures of the 19th century. During a few years of fame before his fateful raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Americans either regarded him as a noble hero or a dangerous fanatic. After his execution on December 2, 1859, Brown became a martyr to those opposed to slavery. And the controversy over his actions and his fate helped stoke the tensions that pushed the United States to the brink of Civil War. Early Life John Brown was born on May 9, 1800, in Torrington, Connecticut. His family was descended from New England Puritans, and he had a deeply religious upbringing. John was the third of six children in the family. When Brown was five, the family moved to Ohio. During his childhood, Browns very religious father would exclaim that slavery was a sin against God. And when Brown visited a farm in his youth he witnessed the beating of slave. The violent incident had a lasting effect on young Brown, and he became a fanatical opponent of slavery. John Browns Anti-Slavery Passion Brown married at the age of 20, and he and his wife had seven children before she died in 1832. He remarried and fathered 13 more children. Brown and his family moved to several states, and he failed at every business he entered. His passion for eliminating slavery became the focus of his life. In 1837, Brown attended a meeting in Ohio in memory of Elijah Lovejoy, an abolitionist newspaper editor who had been killed in Illinois. At the meeting, Brown raised his hand and vowed that he would destroy slavery. Advocating Violence In 1847 Brown moved to Springfield, Massachusetts and began befriending members of a community of escaped slaves. It was at Springfield that he first befriended the abolitionist writer and editor Frederick Douglass, who had escaped from slavery in Maryland. Browns ideas became more radical, and he began advocating a violent overthrow of slavery. He argued that slavery was so entrenched that it could only be destroyed by violent means. Some opponents of slavery had become frustrated with the peaceful approach of the established abolition movement, and Brown gained some followers with his fiery rhetoric. John Browns Role in Bleeding Kansas In the 1850s the territory of Kansas was rocked by violent conflicts between anti-slavery and pro-slavery settlers. The violence, which became known as Bleeding Kansas, was a symptom of the highly controversial Kansas-Nebraska Act. John Brown and five of his sons moved to Kansas to support the free-soil settlers who wanted Kansas to come into the union as a free state in which slavery would be outlawed. In May 1856, in response to pro-slavery ruffians attacking Lawrence, Kansas, Brown and his sons attacked and killed five pro-slavery settlers at Pottawatomie Creek, Kansas. Brown Desired a  Slave Rebellion After acquiring a bloody reputation in Kansas, Brown set his sights higher. He became convinced that if he started an uprising among slaves by providing weapons and strategy, the revolt would spread across the entire south. There had been slave uprisings before, most notably the one led by the slave Nat Turner in Virginia in 1831. Turners rebellion resulted in the deaths of 60 whites and the eventual execution of Turner and more than 50 African Americans believed to have been involved. Brown was very familiar with the history of slave rebellions, yet still believed he could start a guerrilla war in the south. The Plan to Attack on Harpers Ferry Brown began to plan an attack on the federal arsenal in the small town of Harpers Ferry, Virginia (which is in present-day West Virginia). In July 1859, Brown, his sons, and other followers rented a farm across the Potomac River in Maryland. They spent the summer secretly stockpiling weapons, as they believed they could arm slaves in the south who would escape ​to join their cause. Brown traveled to Chambersburg, Pennsylvania at one point that summer to meet with his old friend Frederick Douglass. Hearing Browns plans, and believing them suicidal, Douglass refused to participate. John Browns Raid on Harpers Ferry On the night of October 16, 1859, Brown and 18 of his followers drove wagons into the town of Harpers Ferry. The raiders cut telegraph wires and quickly overcame the watchman at the armory, effectively seizing the building. Yet a train passing through town carried the news, and by the next day forces began to arrive. Brown and his men barricaded themselves inside buildings and a siege began. The slave uprising Brown hoped to spark never happened. A contingent of Marines arrived, under the command of Col. Robert E. Lee. Most of Browns men were soon killed, but he was taken alive on October 18 and jailed. The Martyrdom of John Brown Browns trial for treason in Charlestown, Virginia was major news in American newspapers in late 1859. He was convicted and sentenced to death. John Brown was hanged, along with four of his men, on December 2, 1859 at Charlestown. His execution was marked by the tolling of church bells in many towns in the north. The abolitionist cause had gained a martyr. And the execution of Brown was a step on the countrys road to Civil War.

Edgar Allan Poes Autobiographical Inspiration †Literature Essay

Edgar Allan Poes Autobiographical Inspiration – Literature Essay Free Online Research Papers Edgar Allan Poes Autobiographical Inspiration Literature Essay In several stories and poems that Edgar Allan Poe created, he left various indications that the written word is rarely disconnected from the person writing it. Through the dark, disturbing subject matter in his work, one can begin to understand the complex life and obstacles, both external and internal, that he had to cope with during every day of his life. Though Poe is widely regarded as the master of the American short story and one of the foremost horror writers in the United States’ brief history, it is easy to see the effect of such a difficult childhood in both the tragic course of events that culminated in his premature death and the mesmerizing and groundbreaking writing that he left behind. Edgar Allan Poe was born in Boston on January 19th, 1809 to David and Elizabeth Poe, two Baltimore-based actors. Acting was looked down upon as a profession in that time, which meant that Poe’s parents were barely able to make a living. It also did not help that the pair could not have been considered gifted by any stretch of the imagination: â€Å"The two were not notably talented; they played minor roles in third-rate theatrical companies† (Buranelli 7). Poe was the second of three children. By the time of the third child’s birth, Poe’s father, who was purported to have abused him, disappeared, abandoning his mother. She took her two youngest children (William Henry, the first, was left to his grandparents in Baltimore around the time of his birth) to Richmond, VA, but soon developed tuberculosis and died, leaving Edgar and his sister, Rosaline orphaned (9). After his mother’s death, Poe was taken into the care of John Allan, a wealthy Richmond merchant and his godfather. His wife Frances had no children of her own and wanted to adopt Poe, but Allan refused, citing that he thought the son of parents whose profession was looked at as immoral would be the wrong choice for an heir and bad for his name and the fortune he was busy amassing. After a move to London and a strict but enjoyable boarding school education, Poe returned with the Allans to the United States. The two did not get along, so Poe was excited to find out that Allan was shipping him off to the University of Virginia. However, Allan did not supply him with nearly enough money to pay his way through school, so Poe took up gambling and by the end of the year, owed over $2,500. After 11 months of college, Allan, refusing to pay the debts, pulled Poe out of school. Terrified and unbalanced, Poe started drinking heavily. Over the next couple of years, Poe was faced with a heap of bad luck. Upon arriving home, he was invited to a party of Sarah Elmira Royster’s, his high-school sweetheart; when he got there, he discovered that it was an engagement party. To make matters worse, Allan forced Poe to join the military. He signed up under the name â€Å"Edgar Allan Perry,† but was honorably discharged in 1829, with the rank of Sergeant Major. A year later, Allan, frustrated with Poe’s situation, signed him up for West Point. In less than a year, Poe was kicked out. A few years later when Frances died, Allan remarried and cut off contact with Poe. However, even without familial support, Poe soon began to write and things began to pick up. Around this time, he married his thirteen-year old first cousin, Virginia Clemm. Though she was simple-minded and kind, she was unable to keep up with his erratic genius and wild behavior. Nevertheless, Poe won a story contest in 1833 for a story called â€Å"MS. Found in a Bottle†; one of the judges, John P. Kennedy expressed an interest in his work and helped him sell a story to the Southern Literary Messenger from Richmond. Soon, Poe got a job on the editorial staff of the magazine and was quickly promoted to editor. With his new position, Poe was seen to be both a keen critic of literature and a gifted writer, and the popularity of his work for the magazine increased the recognition of both his writing and the Messenger. Unfortunately, Poe was an alcoholic and was fired and re-hired by the Messenger several times. He looked for work in several publishing houses, but the financial p anic going on at the time prevented several magazines from being able to thrive, so work was scarce. After a while, Poe was finally was able to publish a long story that recounted a sea voyage, entitled â€Å"The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym.† The story was so well-written that most critics actually believed it to be a true account. After two hard years, Poe began to publish again. He got a job working for a magazine called Burton’s Gentlemen’s Magazine; his contract was to write horror stories for the magazine, which in 1840, were compiled into a collection called â€Å"Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque.† After Burton’s was sold and the name was changed to Graham’s Magazine, Poe became the editor of that version too, leading the American magazine to become possibly the most important of its time. A year after his story, â€Å"The Gold Bug,† won a $100 prize from the Philadelphia Dollar Magazine, Poe left Graham’s. Not long after, the New York Evening Mirror published his most famous poem, â€Å"The Raven.† The poem became extraordinarily popular and Poe frequently did readings of it, in eerie rooms with the lamps turned low and his voice sounding somewhat demonic. Though he reached the height of his popularity with â€Å"The Raven,† few writers can make a healthy living on writing alone; most must depend on other positions, such as editorial and publishing jobs. He was able to acquire such employment (he worked for such diverse publications as the Broadway Journal, the Evening Mirror and Grodey’s Lady’s Book) but never held them for long due to his alcoholism. At this time, Virginia also started showing symptoms of tuberculosis. Poe began to get more depressed, started drinking more and sunk into a deep melancholy. Finally, in the win ter of 1846, Virginia died, when the couple had little fuel for the cold or food. Shortly after Virginia’s death, Poe met up with his ex-girlfriend, Sarah Elmira Royster, who was newly single, and the two reconnected. Soon, they were engaged. A few days before their wedding, Poe set off on a trip to New York City from Richmond, but disappeared in Baltimore. Days later, he was found in the street. He was brought to a hospital but died shortly after on October 7th, 1949. Though the cause is still unknown, it is widely believed to have been rabies that killed Poe. A quick glance at any of Poe’s works reveals that he was a writer whose life events clearly had a strong effect on what he wrote. Though there are many aspects that can be compared and contrasted, it is his use of women, alternating as the objects of affection and substitute mother figures, and the uncanny similarities between several of his main characters and himself that are the most interesting. Vincent Buranelli said that â€Å"Edgar Allan Poe is the most complex personality in the entire gallery of American authors. No one else fuses, as he does, such discordant psychological attributes, or offers to the world an appearance so various† (19). While this is true, the â€Å"discordant psychological attributes† that Poe frequently wrote about usually referred to himself. Many of Edgar Allan Poe’s personal problems most likely stemmed from the premature death of David and Elizabeth and the resulting lack of strong parental influence in his early years. It is said by Edward H. Davidson in his Poe: A Critical Study that â€Å"one of the major themes in Poe’s whole corpus of writing is his longing for the mother, for a kind of female night-shape who is never there and who will never come† (47). In fact, several psychoanalysts have used Poe and his fixation with his mother as fertile ground for further investigation. In her analysis of Poe’s short story, â€Å"The Black Cat,† psychologist Marie Bonaparte argues that for Poe (taking the form of the narrator), the story enacts his displacement of his hatred for his mother for abandoning him (164). He obviously has cause to be angry with Pluto, the all-black cat which bites him and he kills, while the next cat enables him momentarily to forget his act of murder. However, he begins to loathe Pluto’s successor for no other reason than its involuntary reminiscence of the first cat. This, Bonaparte says, represents Poe’s innermost feelings being projected in the form of a short story, with the two cats as symbols for his several mother figures (Elizabeth, Frances Allan and Maria Clemm). Both Poe and the narrator’s feelings of detestation come from an action or event that was completely beyond control (Elizabeth’s death and the cat’s biting reflex), but the pair still hold both Poe’s mother and Pluto accountable for them. Because their first choice target for hatred is unavailable, they automatically shift their feelings towards an alternate foil. That the second cat has, according to Poe, a large, although indefinite splotch of white, covering nearly the whole region of the breast (â€Å"The Black Cat,† 212) is probably not a coincidence. This splotch, Bonaparte argues, represents milk both by its color and its position and subsequently reminds the narrator of his felicide. Nonetheless, it is quite clear that, at least â€Å"above the iceberg,† Poe felt a strong affection for his mother. Traditional Freudian theory can also be applied to the storyline and characters in another one of Poe’s short stories, â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† Though its implication of incest (most of which is drawn from the rather suspect behavior of Usher following his sister’s death and the quote that the two shared sympathies of a scarcely intelligible nature (â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher,† 270)) seems like Poe is pandering to the lowest common denominator of reader, he is actually including a topic that was common ground for writing of that time (Wagenknecht 57). Even so, Poe’s insertion of the theme brings to light interesting parallels with his own story. While it is clear that Poe’s time with his parents was not long by any means, it is understood that due to his father’s frequent inebriation and abu sive behavior, Elizabeth had a much larger effect on the then-toddler Poe. It is then no surprise to see Poe acting out his Freudian Oedipus complex by having Usher (clearly analogous to Poe) romanticize a blood relative in concept (if not physically), even after her death (or at least what Usher perceives to be her death). In addition to being concerned with subtly lusting after his mother, Poe also devoted much of his creativity towards the primary love of his life, Virginia Clemm. Within Poe’s poem â€Å"Annabel Lee,† are several references to Virginia’s youngness and their relationship: I was a child and she was a child, in this kingdom by the sea; but we loved with a love that was more than love- I and my Annabel Lee; with a love that the winged seraphs of heaven coveted her and me. And this was the reason that, long ago, in this kingdom by the sea, a wind blew out of a cloud, chilling my beautiful Annabel Lee; so that her highborn kinsman came and bore her away from me, to shut her up in sepulcher in this kingdom by the sea†¦ for the moon never beams without bringing me dreams of the beautiful Annabel Lee; and the stars never rise but I feel the bright eyes of my beautiful Annabel Lee; and so, all the night-tide, I lie down by the side of my darling- my darling- my life and my bride, in the sepulcher there by the sea, in her tomb by the pounding sea (â€Å"Annabel Lee,† 12-13). The poem gives the impression that Poe and Clemm’s relationship might have been looked down upon by some, yet Poe’s refutation that they had a â€Å"love that was more than love† attempts to dispel that. It is through the poem that Poe, for once, truly lays out all of his feelings about the entire relationship with Virginia. It is also unfortunately a chronicle of his heartbreaking behavior following her death. Though Pruette says that their union was only existent because of Poe’s desire for a mother figure in Maria Clemm (who he became incredibly close with) (67), â€Å"Annabel Lee† also recreates Poe’s frequent night-time visits to Virginia’s graveside, where he would often sleep (â€Å"all the night-tide, I lie down by the side of my darling†). Poe loved Clemm so much that towards the end of her life and following her death, he could not bear the strain of losing someone so close to him, and he began to drink heavily.  "Each time I felt the agonies of her death- and at each accession of the disorder I loved her more dearly and clung to her life with more desperate pertinacity. But I am constitutionally sensitive- nervous in a very unusual degree. During these fits of absolute unconsciously, I drank, God only knows how often or how much† (qtd. in Buranelli 38). Here, Poe makes direct mention of his bout with depression and admits to drinking every time his depressive side reared its ugly head. Though containing remarkable beauty and examples of Poe’s sheer brilliance, â€Å"Annabel Lee† also became a regrettable testament to the disarray that consumed Poe’s life following the death of his wife. Also notable in much of Poe’s writing is his resemblance to several of his main characters. In one particular case, Poe, with his own private musings, refers to a hypothetical man who he clearly is comparing to himself. Through the piece, he is responding to the speculation of his mental state: â€Å"I have sometimes amused myself by endeavoring to fancy what would be the fate of any individual gifted, or rather accursed, with an intellect very far superior to that of his race. Of course, he would be conscious of his superiority; nor could he (if otherwise constituted as man is) help manifesting his consciousness. Thus he would make himself enemies at all points. And since his opinions and speculations would widely differ from those of all mankind- that he would be considered a madman, is evident. How horribly painful such a condition! Hell could invent no greater torture than that of being charged with abnormal weakness on account of being abnormally strong† (â€Å"Ma rginalia,† 227). Poe views his psychological state as a position of power, rather than hindrance. The passage could also be viewed as a response to his critics, who might view his work (which he believes is far superior to everyone else’s) as the writing of a madman instead of focusing on the brilliance that he’s convinced it contains. In addition to Poe’s essays, he also places himself in the guise of several fictional protagonists as well. In fact, several critics agree that Poe only has one endlessly repeated main character- himself. He is pictured as appearing and reappearing as his melancholic, hallucinated, mad and half-mad creations again and again. However, out of his many popular characters, it is the character of Roderick Usher from â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† that Poe seems to represent the most. In the story, Usher is a man who is well aware of his mental instability but, who like Poe, attempts to hold on to his sanity at all costs, regardless. If there was any doubt about the pair’s similarities, Poe goes onto physically describe Usher, and in doing so, depicts himself: â€Å"A cadaverousness of complexion; an eye large, liquid, and luminous beyond comparison; lips somewhat thin and very pallid, but of a surpassingly beautiful curve; a nose of delicate Hebrew model, but with a breath of nostril unusual in similar formations; a finely molded chin, speaking, in its want of prominence, of a want of moral energy; hair of a more than weblike softness and tenuity- these features, with an inordinate expansion above the regions of the temple, made up altogether a countenance not easily to be forgotten† (â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher,† 198). Even a cursory glance at a picture of Poe will reveal that he not only shares some of these facial features; it is actually a precise depiction of his appearance. Though the resemblance of Poe to several of his characters might be obvious, one can’t help but wonder why he chose to base so many of them on himself. Based on the various vices that many of his characters fall victim to and their resemblance to him in other areas, it is almost as if Poe is vividly describing his character’s flaws as a way of showing his own. Much of the infamous â€Å"evidence† that Poe was a habitual user of opium can be traced back to a few passages from some of his works. Roderick Usher, the character most frequently compared to Poe, is described in â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher† to be an â€Å"irreclaimable eater of opium† (276). Furthermore, in his short story â€Å"Life in Death,† Poe’s main character goes into an in-depth homily about his drug habit and patterns of use. â€Å"I had never swallowed opium before. Laudanum and morphine I had occasionally used, and about them should have had no reason to hesitate†¦ I would take a very small dose in the first instance. I would repeat it until I should find an abatement of the fever† (â€Å"Life and Death,† 165). His authoritarian tone paints not only the character, but the author as well, as a source of expertise in the field of opium use. If one is to use this logic for proof that Poe was an opium addict or at least had inclinations towards the drug, it can also be asserted that he had a predisposition towards domestic abuse. Because his father was a notorious and abusive drunk, it is very likely that young Edgar viewed battery as a subconsciously acceptable form of resolution. Though he never explicitly confesses to beating Virginia or any women, the closest thing to an admission is his â€Å"The Black Cat† character’s account that â€Å"I married early, and was happy to find in my wife a disposition not uncongenial with my own†¦ I suffered myself to use intemperate language to my wife. At length, I even offered her personal violence† (213). Because the story’s main figure descends slowly into madness, like Poe presumably was himself at that time, it can be assumed that Poe took out his growing confusion and frustration about his mental state on the simple-minded and devoted Virginia Clemm. However, despite that several of his stories and characters either contain themes of insanity or are insane themselves, Poe still attempts to depict some sort of dramatic arc or have his protagonists think about their own actions, sometimes coming to important conclusions. Almost without fail, â€Å"his heroes analyze their obsessions in a sane, perfectly logical way, and he presents the analysis in terms of a highly finished style (Wageknecht 57). Therefore, if one is attempting to compare Poe’s life to his work, it can be maintained that his work is less a reflection of his psychological state and more a reflection of his immersion in his own place and time (Peeples 77). Growing up without his natural parents and without the love and nurturance that most believe is necessary to mature into a well-adjusted, functioning adult, Edgar Allan Poe, most would agree, satisfied a self-fulfilling prophecy of a life of destruction, depression and mental illness. Yet, even though he faced several obstacles on his road to success, he left behind a legacy of pioneering and extraordinary work that most likely would not have been the same, had his tribulations not had a profound effect on the writing’s eventual quality. Peeples, Scott. Edgar Allan Poe Revisited. New York: Twayne, 1998. Quinn, Arthur Hobson. Edgar Allan Poe: A Critical Biography. New York: Coopers Square Publishers, 1969. Wagenknecht, Edward. Edgar Allan Poe: The Man Behind the Legend. New York: Oxford UP, 1963. Buranelli, Vincent. Edgar Allan Poe. G.K. Hall Co., 1977. Bloom, Harold. The Tales of Poe. New York, New York: Chelsea House Publishers, 1987. Davidson, Edward H. Poe: A Critical Study. Oxford University Press, 1969. Pruette, Lorrine. â€Å"A Psychoanalytical Study of Edgar Allan Poe.† American Journal of Psychology 31 (1920): 370-402. Bonaparte, Marie. The Life and Works of Edgar Allan Poe: A Psychanalytic Interpretation. Anglobooks, 1927. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"Annabel Lee.† The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, Inc., 1927. 12-13. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"The Black Cat.† The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, Inc., 1927. 209-216. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"The Fall of the House of Usher.† The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, Inc., 1927. 273-286. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"Marginalia.† The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, Inc., 1927. 217-227. Poe, Edgar Allan. â€Å"Life and Death.† The Works of Edgar Allan Poe. New York, New York: Walter J. Black, Inc., 1927. 159-164. Research Papers on Edgar Allan Poe's Autobiographical Inspiration - Literature EssayThe Masque of the Red Death Room meaningsMind TravelPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is ArtThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationEffects of Television Violence on Children19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided EraCapital PunishmentHarry Potter and the Deathly Hallows EssayComparison: Letter from Birmingham and Crito

Economics Smoking Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Economics Smoking Topic - Essay Example Taxation has been the most widely used method to reduce demand of cigarettes by many government to generate taxes, but more recently, taxes are raised to minimize damage to health by smoking. (World Bank Group) The study of WB has confirmed this illustration thru a conclusion in their report that raising taxes significantly reduces consumption of tobacco. Study has shown that price increase due to taxes has an impact to the youth who are more responsive to prices than older people. Result of study shows also that the low and middle income countries are more responsive to price changes than the high income countries. (World Bank Group). As shown in annex 1, the tax increases imposed in Canada, UK and South Africa have encouraged smokers to reduce smoking consumption Non price measures used by policy makers are publicized findings of research on the health effects of smoking, warning messages on cigarette labels, counter advertising on media, school anti-smoking campaigns, cigarette promotions and advertising, no smoking on public places, restaurant and workplaces. (World Bank Group) Elasticity of commodity could either be elastic or inelastic when price changes. Response of consumers to price change is influenced first, by availability of a substitute, when consumer can take time, could wait and look for substitute. Second, when the good is a necessity and market structure is in an oligopoly. (Basic Economics). The generally accepted principle in elasticity is when the price elasticity of a good is less than 1, the good is price inelastic; and that the change in price will only have a small effect. At this point, there will be more revenue with the increase of taxes. (Farlex Dictionary) Demand for cigarette is price inelastic because according to a report done by Prabhat, J. et. al, DCPP, that from among 100 studies done in high-income countries, price elasticity is -0.25 to -0.50. This means that â€Å"a 10 percent increase in price will reduce